প্রকাশ: 09/09/2022
At the
moment the Queen died, the throne passed immediately and without ceremony to
the heir, Charles, the former Prince of Wales.
But there
are a number of practical - and traditional - steps which he must go through to
be crowned King.
What will
he be called?
He will be
known as King Charles III.
That was
the first decision of the new king's reign. He could have chosen from any of
his four names - Charles Philip Arthur George.
He is not
the only one who faces a change of title.
Although
he is heir to the throne, Prince William will not automatically become Prince
of Wales - that will have to be conferred on him by his father. He has
inherited his father's title of Duke of Cornwall - William and Kate are now
titled Duke and Duchess of Cornwall and Cambridge.
There is
also a new title for Charles' wife, Camilla, who becomes the Queen Consort -
consort is the term used for the spouse of the monarch.
Formal
ceremonies
It is
expected that Charles will be officially proclaimed King on Saturday. This will
happen at St James's Palace in London, in front of a ceremonial body known as
the Accession Council.
This is
made up of members of the Privy Council - a group of senior MPs, past and
present, and peers - as well as some senior civil servants, Commonwealth high
commissioners, and the Lord Mayor of London.
More than
700 people are entitled in theory to attend, but given the short notice, the
actual number is likely to be far fewer. At the last Accession Council in 1952,
about 200 attended.
At the
meeting, the death of Queen Elizabeth will be announced by the Lord President
of the Privy Council (currently Penny Mordaunt MP), and a proclamation will be
read aloud.
The
wording of the proclamation can change, but it has traditionally been a series
of prayers and pledges, commending the previous monarch and pledging support
for the new one.
This
proclamation is then signed by a number of senior figures including the prime
minister, the Archbishop of Canterbury, and the Lord Chancellor.
As with
all these ceremonies, there will be attention paid to what might have been
altered, added or updated, as a sign of a new era.
The King's
first declaration
The King
attends a second meeting of the Accession Council, along with the Privy
Council. This is not a "swearing in" at the start of a British
monarch's reign, in the style of some other heads of state, such as the
President of the US. Instead there is a declaration made by the new King and -
in line with a tradition dating from the early 18th Century - he will make an
oath to preserve the Church of Scotland.
After a
fanfare of trumpeters, a public proclamation will be made declaring Charles as
the new King. This will be made from a balcony above Friary Court in St James's
Palace, by an official known as the Garter King of Arms.
He will
call: "God save the King", and for the first time since 1952, the
national anthem will be played with the words "God Save the King".
Gun
salutes will be fired in Hyde Park, the Tower of London and from naval ships,
and the proclamation announcing Charles as the King will be read in in
Edinburgh, Cardiff and Belfast.
The
coronation
The
symbolic high point of the accession will be the coronation, when Charles is
formally crowned. Because of the preparation needed, the coronation is not
likely to happen very soon after Charles's accession - Queen Elizabeth
succeeded to the throne in February 1952, but was not crowned until June 1953.
For the
past 900 years the coronation has been held in Westminster Abbey - William the
Conqueror was the first monarch to be crowned there, and Charles will be the
40th.
It is an
Anglican religious service, carried out by the Archbishop of Canterbury. At the
climax of the ceremony, he will place St Edward's Crown on Charles's head - a
solid gold crown, dating from 1661.
This is the
centrepiece of the Crown Jewels at the Tower of London, and is only worn by the
monarch at the moment of coronation itself (not least because it weighs a hefty
2.23kg - almost 5lbs).
Unlike
royal weddings, the coronation is a state occasion - the government pays for
it, and ultimately decides the guest list.
There will
be music, readings and the ritual of anointing the new monarch, using oils of
orange, roses, cinnamon, musk and ambergris.
The new
King will take the coronation oath in front of the watching world. During this
elaborate ceremony he will receive the orb and sceptre as symbols of his new
role and the Archbishop of Canterbury will place the solid gold crown on his
head.
Head of
the Commonwealth
Charles
has become head of the Commonwealth, an association of 56 independent countries
and 2.4 billion people. For 14 of these countries, as well as the UK, the King
is head of state.
These
countries, known as the Commonwealth realms, are: Australia, Antigua and
Barbuda, the Bahamas, Belize, Canada, Grenada, Jamaica, Papua New Guinea, St
Christopher and Nevis, St Lucia, St Vincent and the Grenadines, New Zealand,
Solomon Islands, Tuvalu.
Source: BBC
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